Bioplastics usually mean to materials produced from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, straw, woodchips, sawdust, recycled food waste, etc. Bioplastics could look almost no difference from plastic, and replace plastic in some field. PLA & Wheat Strew are most popular bioplastic used in hair brush and makeup brush.
In Europe, if Bioplastic want to claim biodegradable & compostable, it must meet EN 13432 industrial standard. In summary, it requires multiple tests and sets pass/fail criteria, including disintegration of the finished item within 12 weeks, biodegradation of polymeric ingredients within 180 days, plant toxicity and heavy metals. The ASTM 6400 standard is the regulatory framework for the United States and has similar requirements.
All of them share the main test & criteria of EN13432:
- 90 % biodegradation after 6 months 58 ± 2°C
- 90 % disintegration after 3 months at high temperature (range between 40 & 70 °C as detailed in the standards)
- Eco toxicity and regulated elements content (heavy metal)
It is rather costly to apply certificate of EN13432, JSIU beauty produce hair brush and makeup brush with EN13432/ASTM6000 certificated material.
Wheat Strew is another popular bioplastic material, but it is impossible to reach EN13432 or ASTM6400, as minimal 45% oil based material mixed in the bioplastic. So no wheat strew could meet Biodegradable and Compostable request.